Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children: the importance of evaluation of early laboratory parameters

pp. 45-50

Abstract

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is an uncommon condition associated with COVID-19 with a wide spectrum of presentations, ranging from Kawasaki-like disease to multisystem involvement with shock. The association between the laboratory characteristics and unfavorable outcome has been described, but the cut-off points associated with higher risk have not yet been defined.
Objective: The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the characteristics of patients with MIS-C and their associations with the laboratory findings.
Methods: We conducted an analytical and retrospective  tudy of pediatric patients hospitalized between May 2020 and June 2021 with diagnosis of MIS-C in Hospital  eneral de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez (HNRG). The cohort was made up of 23 patients, 17 female (53.13%)  and 15 male (46.87%); mean age was 7.67 years (range 0.5-14.91). Ten patients (31.25%) presented shock. Clinical and echocardiographic data and values of high-sensitive troponin I, N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP), platelets and lymphocytes at the time of diagnosis were obtained and compared between those with shock during evolution (group 1)  and those without shock (group 2).
Results: There was a significant difference in baseline elevated NT-proBNP values between both groups (p = 0.008), but not in troponin levels and lymphocyte and  platelet counts. Of the 13 patients who required inotropic agents, 58% had baseline lymphopenia (p = 0.006 vs those who did not require inotropic drugs). Conclusions: Although mortality due to MIS-C is low, cardiac involvement and hemodynamic impairment may be common. The availability of a commonly used laboratory tool for patient categorization could help to mitigate risks and obtain early referral to specialized  centers.

How to cite this article:

Rodríguez Kibrik J, Sardella A, Grippo M, Goldsman A, Choe HJ, Moros C et al.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children: the importance of evaluation of early laboratory parameters. Rev Argent Cardiol 2023;91:45-50
https://doi.org/10.7775/rac.v91.i1.20597